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Tirzepatide: šta pokazuju ispitivanja
Tirzepatide je proizveo najveće prosečne gubitke težine ikada zabeležene za lek u randomizovanom ispitivanju o gojaznosti. Takođe je i onaj sa najzanimljivijim rezultatima koji nisu vezani za težinu.
SURMOUNT-1: najveći efekat u ovoj oblasti
SURMOUNT-1 je randomizovao odrasle sa gojaznošću i bez dijabetesa na tirzepatide 5, 10 ili 15 mg nedeljno, ili placebo, tokom 72 nedelje [8]. Prosečna promena težine pri najvišoj dozi bila je oko −20,9%, dok je doza od 5 mg već bila oko −15% — što znači da je najniža doza tirzepatida otprilike odgovarala najboljem rezultatu semaglutida. Više od polovine učesnika na višim dozama izgubilo je najmanje 20% telesne težine.
Nastavak tog programa produžio je praćenje i izvestio o prevenciji dijabetesa uz održavanje smanjenja težine [5], što je važno jer pomera krajnju tačku sa broja na vagi na klinički događaj.
Efikasnost gubitka težine
Kazna za dijabetes se ovde takođe primenjuje
SURMOUNT-2 je sproveo isti protokol kod odraslih sa gojaznošću i dijabetesom tipa 2 i pronašao otprilike 14,7% prosečnog gubitka težine pri najvišoj dozi [7]. Ponovo: veliki efekat, i ponovo primetno manji nego u populaciji bez dijabetesa. Meta-analiza koja upoređuje dva leka kod dijabetesa tipa 2 postavlja relativno rangiranje na čvršćim osnovama [1][3].
| Ispitivanje | Populacija | Doza | Trajanje | Prosečna promena težine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SURMOUNT-1 [8] | Gojaznost, bez dijabetesa | 15 mg | 72 nedelje | ≈ −20,9% |
| SURMOUNT-1 [8] | Gojaznost, bez dijabetesa | 5 mg | 72 nedelje | ≈ −15% |
| SURMOUNT-2 [7] | Gojaznost + dijabetes tipa 2 | 15 mg | 72 nedelje | ≈ −14,7% |
| SURMOUNT-5 [10] | Gojaznost, direktno upoređivanje sa semaglutidom | ≤15 mg | 72 nedelje | Superioran u odnosu na semaglutid |
Pobeda nad semaglutidom direktno
Indirektne uporedbe i stvarne kohorte su već neko vreme ukazivale na ovo [12], ali ispitivanje koje je to razjasnilo uporedilo je dva leka direktno na dozama za gojaznost u istoj populaciji, a tirzepatide je pobedio u prosečnom gubitku težine značajnom marginom [10]. U dijabetesu tipa 2, SURPASS-2 je već pokazao superiornost nad semaglutidom 1 mg na oba krajnja tačka — glikemijsku i težinu [9].
Rezultati koji se ne odnose na težinu
Dva posvećena ispitivanja pomerila su tirzepatide izvan gojaznosti kao kategorije.
- Opstruktivna apneja u snu. Kod odraslih sa umerenom do teškom OSA i gojaznošću, tirzepatide je značajno smanjio indeks apneje-hipopneje u odnosu na placebo [6]. Ovo je prvi farmakološki tretman sa randomizovanim dokazima u stanju koje se ranije gotovo isključivo lečilo CPAP-om.
- Srčana insuficijencija sa očuvanom frakcijom izbacivanja. U HFpEF sa gojaznošću — fenotipom sa vrlo malo efikasnih tretmana — tirzepatide je poboljšao ishode u odnosu na placebo [4].
- Kardiovaskularni događaji. Posvećeno poređenje sa dulaglutidom izvestilo je o kardiovaskularnim ishodima kod dijabetesa tipa 2 [11], dodajući ranijoj unapred definisanoj meta-analizi koja nije pronašla signal kardiovaskularne štete.
Takođe se pojavljuje u evropskim smernicama o steatozi jetre zajedno sa semaglutidom [2].
Često postavljana pitanja
Да ли је Mounjaro исто што и Zepbound?
Да ли је тирзепатид једноставно бољи од семаглутида?
Да ли GIP компонента изазива додатни губитак тежине?
Да ли морам да достигнем дозу од 15 mg?
Повезано читање
Референце
Свака цитата испод води до оригиналног рецензираног записа на PubMed или преко DOI. Ништа овде није замена за медицински савет.
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Subcutaneously administered tirzepatide vs semaglutide for adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Karagiannis T, Malandris K, Avgerinos I, et al. · Diabetologia · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 38613667Full text
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Tirzepatide did not impact metabolic adaptation in people with obesity, but increased fat oxidation Ravussin E, Sanchez-Delgado G, Martin CK, et al. · Cell metabolism · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40203836
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Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-PEDS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial Hannon TS, Chao LC, Barrientos-Pérez M, et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40975112
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Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial Aronne LJ, Sattar N, Horn DB, et al. · JAMA · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38078870Full text
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Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction in Chinese Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-CN Randomized Clinical Trial Zhao L, Cheng Z, Lu Y, et al. · JAMA · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38819983Full text
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Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity Malhotra A, Grunstein RR, Fietze I, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38912654Full text
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Tirzepatide vs Insulin Lispro Added to Basal Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-6 Randomized Clinical Trial Rosenstock J, Frías JP, Rodbard HW, et al. · JAMA · 2023 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 37786396Full text
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Tirzepatide Reduces Appetite, Energy Intake, and Fat Mass in People With Type 2 Diabetes Heise T, DeVries JH, Urva S, et al. · Diabetes care · 2023 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 36857477Full text
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Effect of Subcutaneous Tirzepatide vs Placebo Added to Titrated Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-5 Randomized Clinical Trial Dahl D, Onishi Y, Norwood P, et al. · JAMA · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35133415Full text
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