Lyf
Semaglutide: hvað rannsóknirnar sýna
Semaglutide á 2,4 mg vikulega leiddi til um 15% meðalþyngdartaps yfir 68 vikur. Það númer er raunverulegt, endurtekið, og oft misskilið.
Höfuðrannsóknin
STEP 1 úthlutaði fullorðnum með yfirþyngd eða offitu og án sykursýki í vikulega semaglutide 2,4 mg eða placebo, bæði með lífsstílsíhlutun, í 68 vikur [9]. Meðalþyngdarskipti var um −14,9% á lyfinu gegn −2,4% á placebo. Um þriðjungur þátttakenda á lyfinu missti 20% eða meira af líkamsþyngd — niðurstaða sem áður hafði verið í höndum magalækninga.
Tvö atriði eru þess virði að halda í. Fyrst, þetta er meðaltal: dreifingin er breið, og veruleg minnihluti missir mjög lítið. Í öðru lagi, placebo-hópurinn fékk einnig lífsstílsráðgjöf, svo 2,4% er ekki "að gera ekkert" — lyfjaáhrifin eru mæld ofan á ráðgjöf sem sjálf gerir eitthvað.
Númerið er minna ef þú hefur sykursýki
STEP 2 framkvæmdi sama snið í fullorðnum með tegund 2 sykursýki og fann um 9,6% þyngdartap á sama skammti [8]. Sá munur milli um 15% og um 10% kemur fram aftur og aftur í flokknum og er ekki sértækur fyrir semaglutide. Samtímis meta-greining á GLP-1 agonistum sýnir sama mynstur bæði á þyngd og blóðsykurmarkmiðum [3].
| Rannsókn | Hópur | Tímalengd | Meðalþyngdarskipti | Placebo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| STEP 1 [9] | Offita, engin sykursýki | 68 vikur | ≈ −14,9% | ≈ −2,4% |
| STEP 2 [8] | Offita + 2. tegund sykursýki | 68 vikur | ≈ −9,6% | ≈ −3,4% |
| STEP 4 [7] | Haldið áfram vs dregið til baka eftir 20 vikur | 48 frekari vikur | Haldið áfram: frekara tap | Dregið til baka: endurheimt |
| SELECT [5] | Offita + hjarta- og æðasjúkdómur | ~4 ár | Viðvarandi ≈ −10% | ≈ −1,5% |
Hversu lengi heldur það áfram að virka?
Lengur en 68 vikna rannsóknirnar bentu til. Meta-greining á lengri tíma gagna fann að áhrifin héldust vel lengra en ár [1], og SELECT hjarta- og æðarannsóknin — sem stóð í um fjögur ár og var ekki hönnuð sem þyngdar rannsókn — sýndi þyngdartap stöðvast um 10% og síðan haldast, frekar en að minnka [5]. Stöðugleikinn er raunverulegur; afturkallið sem gagnrýnendur spáðu er ekki, að því tilskildu að meðferðin haldist.
Viðvarandi þyngdartap við áframhaldandi meðferð
Semaglutide gegn tirzepatide
Fyrir tegund 2 sykursýki, ber SURPASS-2 saman tirzepatide við semaglutide 1 mg og studdi tirzepatide. Fyrir offitu sérstaklega, kom beinn samanburður á offituskammti síðar og var afgerandi: tirzepatide framleiddi verulega meira meðalþyngdartap en semaglutide [10], í samræmi við fyrri raunverulegar og óbeinar samanburði [11].
Það gerir ekki sjálfkrafa tirzepatide að rétta valinu fyrir einstakling — þol, kostnaður, framboð og samhliða sjúkdómar hafa allt áhrif á það — en aðeins á þyngdartapinu er röðin ekki umdeild. Sjá tirzepatide.
Hvar semaglutide hefur leiðbeiningar á bak við sig
Fyrir utan þyngd, hefur semaglutide farið í formlegar leiðbeiningar fyrir efnaskiptatruflanir tengdar fitusýkingu í lifur, þar sem sameiginlegar evrópskar leiðbeiningar fjalla um hlutverk þess [2]. Það er einnig eina lyfið í flokknum með lokið hjarta- og æðarannsókn í ósykursýkisfullorðnum [5], sem er fjallað um á hjarta- og æðasíðunni.
Algengar spurningar
Er Wegovy öðruvísi en Ozempic?
Af hverju missti ég minna en 15%?
Hætti það að virka eftir nokkra mánuði?
Get ég tekið það bara til að missa nokkur kíló og svo stoppað?
Tilvísanir
Hver tilvísun hér að neðan tengist upprunalegu ritrýndu skjalinu á PubMed eða í gegnum DOI. Ekkert hér er staðgengill fyrir læknisfræðilega ráðgjöf.
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Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: Systematic review and network meta-analysis Karakasis P, Patoulias D, Fragakis N, et al. · Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2025 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 39719170
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Subcutaneously administered tirzepatide vs semaglutide for adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Karagiannis T, Malandris K, Avgerinos I, et al. · Diabetologia · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 38613667Full text
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Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Semaglutide for Weight Loss in Patients Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Moiz A, Levett JY, Filion KB, et al. · The American journal of cardiology · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 38679221
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EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) Journal of hepatology · 2024 · Clinical guideline DOIPubMed 38851997
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A systematic review of the effect of semaglutide on lean mass: insights from clinical trials Bikou A, Dermiki-Gkana F, Penteris M, et al. · Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38629387
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Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis Yao H, Zhang A, Li D, et al. · BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 38286487Full text
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Assessment of Thyroid Carcinogenic Risk and Safety Profile of GLP1-RA Semaglutide (Ozempic) Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review Feier CVI, Vonica RC, Faur AM, et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38673931Full text
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Once-weekly semaglutide for obesity or overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis He K, Guo Q, Zhang H, et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34866313
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Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide for Weight Loss in Obesity Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Tan HC, Dampil OA, Marquez MM · Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies · 2022 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 36578889Full text
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Once-weekly semaglutide 7·2 mg in adults with obesity (STEP UP): a randomised, controlled, phase 3b trial Wharton S, Freitas P, Hjelmesæth J, et al. · The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40961952
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Oral Semaglutide at a Dose of 25 mg in Adults with Overweight or Obesity Wharton S, Lingvay I, Bogdanski P, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40934115
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Coadministered Cagrilintide and Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity Garvey WT, Blüher M, Osorto Contreras CK, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40544433
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Cagrilintide-Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Davies MJ, Bajaj HS, Broholm C, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40544432
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evoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer's disease Cummings JL, Atri A, Feldman HH, et al. · Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39780249Full text
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Semaglutide versus placebo in people with obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a pooled analysis of the STEP-HFpEF and STEP-HFpEF DM randomised trials Butler J, Shah SJ, Petrie MC, et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38599221Full text
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Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial Deanfield J, Verma S, Scirica BM, et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39181597
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Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial Ryan DH, Lingvay I, Deanfield J, et al. · Nature medicine · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38740993Full text
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Long-term kidney outcomes of semaglutide in obesity and cardiovascular disease in the SELECT trial Colhoun HM, Lingvay I, Brown PM, et al. · Nature medicine · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38796653Full text
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Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Persons with Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis Bliddal H, Bays H, Czernichow S, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39476339
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Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2023 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 37952131
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Semaglutide once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes in an east Asian population (STEP 6): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3a trial Kadowaki T, Isendahl J, Khalid U, et al. · The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35131037
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Two-year effects of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 5 trial Garvey WT, Batterham RL, Bhatta M, et al. · Nature medicine · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 36216945Full text
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Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Davies M, et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35441470Full text
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Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo as an Adjunct to Intensive Behavioral Therapy on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: The STEP 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Wadden TA, Bailey TS, Billings LK, et al. · JAMA · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 33625476Full text
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Effect of Continued Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo on Weight Loss Maintenance in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: The STEP 4 Randomized Clinical Trial Rubino D, Abrahamsson N, Davies M, et al. · JAMA · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 33755728Full text
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Semaglutide 2·4 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial Davies M, Færch L, Jeppesen OK, et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 33667417
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Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 33567185
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The effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly on energy intake, appetite, control of eating, and gastric emptying in adults with obesity Friedrichsen M, Breitschaft A, Tadayon S, et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 33269530Full text
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Semaglutide versus dulaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 7): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial Pratley RE, Aroda VR, Lingvay I, et al. · The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2018 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 29397376
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Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity Blundell J, Finlayson G, Axelsen M, et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 28266779Full text
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Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity Aronne LJ, Horn DB, le Roux CW, et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2025 · Clinical trial DOIPubMed 40353578
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Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity Rodriguez PJ, Goodwin Cartwright BM, Gratzl S, et al. · JAMA internal medicine · 2024 · Journal article DOIPubMed 38976257Full text