Body composition
Muscle loss
A quarter to a third of the loss is lean mass. Whether that harms you is untested.
The effects
Everything downstream of the mechanism, with the evidence graded honestly.
Safety
Side effects
Nausea is common and transient. The rare events are rarer than the coverage implies.
Outcomes
Cardiovascular outcomes
SELECT found roughly a 20% reduction in major cardiovascular events.
Other uses
Beyond weight loss
Kidneys and liver are strong. Addiction is not, yet.
Related reading
Fasting Evidence
Intermittent fasting, time-restricted eating and meal timing, judged on the trial data.
Metabolism Review
Energy expenditure, insulin resistance and metabolic adaptation, without the folklore.
Weight Loss Evidence
Diets, drugs, behaviour and maintenance — ranked by the strength of the evidence behind them.
Sleep Evidence
Sleep, circadian rhythm and the wearables that claim to measure both.